Assumptions
Version 2026-10, compiled 2026-09-01. These 128 figures are what the calculator is running on right now. Each one carries the date it was taken, where it came from, how often it needs refreshing, and how much confidence it deserves.
Figures marked low confidence are modelled from the research rather than lifted from one source, and each one shows its working in its note. To see only the figures behind a particular verdict, use how we calculated this from the result.
Published figures
Ontario tax, Harmonized sales tax rate13%
Registered dealer sale, new or used. Charged on the negotiated all-in selling price and collected by the dealer at the point of sale.
Ontario tax, Private sale retail sales tax rate13%
Private used-vehicle sale. Collected by ServiceOntario at registration, not by the seller.
Ontario tax, Private sale book value floor multiplier1
Ontario charges private-sale RST on the greater of the purchase price or the Canadian Red Book average wholesale value. Ontario uses the whole book value, so the floor multiplier is 1. A 3000 dollar price on a vehicle with a 9000 dollar book value is still taxed on 9000.
Federal luxury tax, Threshold CAD$100,000
Applies to vehicles above 100000 dollars, manufactured after 2018, seating 10 or fewer, gross vehicle weight rating at or below 3856 kg, four or more wheels. Confirmed still in force for 2026. Charged before HST, so HST compounds on top of the luxury tax.
Federal luxury tax, Rate on full value10%
The luxury tax owed is the lesser of this rate applied to the full vehicle value and rateOnValueAboveThreshold applied to the amount above thresholdCad.
Federal luxury tax, Rate on value above threshold20%
Applied only to the portion of value above thresholdCad. Pair with rateOnFullValue and take the lesser of the two results.
Federal luxury tax, Maximum gross vehicle weight rating kilograms3,856 kg
Eligibility ceiling. A vehicle above this rating falls outside the luxury tax.
Federal luxury tax, Maximum passenger seats10
Eligibility ceiling. A vehicle seating more than 10 falls outside the luxury tax.
Financing, Bank of canada average auto loan rate6.57%
Bank of Canada average car loan rate, April 2026. Held in the mid 6 percent range through early 2026, roughly 6.37 to 6.72 percent month to month. Use as a market anchor, never as a quoted rate.
Financing, Blended apr new vehicle6.90% to 7.50%
Blended across credit tiers. Manufacturer subvented rates of 0 to 2.99 percent exist on new vehicles and can invert the new-versus-used relationship entirely, so the engine must support a promotional rate override.
Financing, Blended apr used vehicle8.20% to 9.50%
Used APRs sit above new because lenders price collateral risk higher.
Financing, Used vehicle apr spread1.30% to 2%
Derived, not separately sourced. Low end is blendedAprUsedVehicle low minus blendedAprNewVehicle low, 0.082 minus 0.069. High end is 0.095 minus 0.075. Report 01 section 2.3 states the spread exists and must be modelled but gives no spread figure of its own.
Financing, Apr by credit band, Super prime3.99% to 6.99%
Credit score 720 and above.
Financing, Apr by credit band, Prime5.99% to 9.99%
Credit score 670 to 719. Most dealers and lenders set a mid 600s minimum score for standard approval.
Financing, Apr by credit band, Near prime8.99% to 14.99%
Credit score 620 to 669.
Financing, Apr by credit band, Sub prime10.99% to 29.99%
Credit score below 620. Report 01 section 2.3 gives the top of this band as 29.99 percent or higher, so treat the high end as a floor rather than a ceiling.
Insurance, Ontario year over year increase4.45%
Ontario premiums rose roughly 4.45 percent year over year in 2026. The July 1 2026 reform made most accident benefits other than medical, rehabilitation and attendant care optional, which may lower premiums modestly, but the real movement will not be observable until Q1 2027.
Insurance, By city, Brampton, Annual premium CAD$3,325 a year to $3,802 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. Brampton now rests on four published figures rather than two, and the band widens downward to span them all. ThinkInsure publishes 3,325 a year on a rolling 12 month window closing 31 May 2026, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/brampton-quote.php, read by direct fetch; that is the new low end, below the 3,341 the previous band started at. MyChoice publishes 3,471 in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table, up 3.90 percent year over year, which falls inside the band and moves neither end. The two ends the band already had are unchanged: report 01 section 2.6 gives roughly 3,802, the highest in Ontario, and report 03 section 2.4 gives roughly 3,341, citing https://www.ratehub.ca/blog/how-much-is-car-insurance-in-brampton/. Low to high is 14.3 percent, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so confidence stays low. No value was altered or rounded; asOf stays 2026-08-29, the date the reports in sourceUrl carry.
Insurance, By city, Toronto, Annual premium CAD$2,348 a year to $2,483 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. Toronto had one publisher behind it, ThinkInsure, and now has two. ThinkInsure publishes 2,483 for the window 31 May 2025 to 31 May 2026, confirmed this pass by direct fetch of https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/toronto-quote.php rather than the search-indexed excerpt the previous note relied on. MyChoice independently publishes 2,348 for Toronto in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table, up 5.26 percent year over year. The two are 5.7 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is the range spanning both published values and confidence stays medium on two agreeing publishers rather than one. Neither value was altered. asOf stays 2026-05-31, the close of the ThinkInsure window that sourceUrl points at.
Insurance, By city, Ottawa, Annual premium CAD$1,680 a year to $1,886 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. Ottawa had one publisher behind it and now has two, and they disagree. ThinkInsure publishes 1,886 on a rolling 12 month window closing 31 May 2026, confirmed this pass by direct fetch of https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/ottawa-quote.php rather than the search-indexed excerpt the previous note relied on. MyChoice independently publishes 1,680 for Ottawa in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table, up 5.63 percent year over year. The two are 12.3 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure becomes the band spanning both and confidence DROPS from medium to low: a second publisher that disagrees by more than a tenth is not corroboration. Neither value was altered. A third figure was found and deliberately not used: Ratehub publishes about 1,027 a year for Ottawa, but its own page defines that as its comparison tool's result for one hypothetical driver, a 40 year old male with a full licence and a clean record averaged over three vehicles, on 2024 data. That is a different measurand from a published average across all drivers, and banding the two would put a single-profile quote on the ranking page as the cheapest city average in Ontario.
Insurance, By city, Burlington, Annual premium CAD$1,761 a year to $1,806 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,806 for Burlington in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,761 on its own Burlington page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/burlington-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 2.6 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Kitchener, Annual premium CAD$1,810 a year to $2,307 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,810 for Kitchener in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,307 on its own Kitchener page, a rolling 12 month window closing 31 May 2026, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/kitchener-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 27.5 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band spans both published values, 1,810 to 2,307, and confidence stays low. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it.
Insurance, By city, Mississauga, Annual premium CAD$2,258 a year to $2,717 a year
Three sources disagree, so the band spans them. MyChoice publishes 2494 in its 22 June 2026 city table. Report 03 section 2.4 gives roughly 2258, citing https://www.ratehub.ca/blog/how-much-is-car-insurance-in-mississauga/. High end up from 2531 in the 2026-09 vintage: ThinkInsure has republished its city table on a rolling 12-month window ending 31 May 2026, the same refresh already reflected in this file's Toronto and Ottawa figures, and now states the average premium in Mississauga is 2717 dollars a year, 234 dollars above its Toronto figure, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/insurance-help-centre/average-car-insurance-ontario.html. Confirmed via three independent search queries with matching quotes and consistent supporting context (the 2461 dollar provincial average, the Toronto delta). Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: the ThinkInsure end, 2,717, is now confirmed by DIRECT FETCH of https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/mississauga-quote.php, which states the window as 31 May 2025 to 31 May 2026, so the direct-fetch re-check this note asked for is done and it agreed with the search-indexed reading. The MyChoice end, 2,494, was re-read in the 22 June 2026 table and is unchanged. Three publishers still span more than 10 percent, so the band and the low confidence both stand.
Insurance, By city, Hamilton, Annual premium CAD$1,870 a year to $2,588 a year
Two sources disagree and the band spans both. MyChoice publishes 1870 in its 22 June 2026 city table. High end up from 2396 in the 2026-09 vintage: ThinkInsure has republished its city table on a rolling 12-month window ending 31 May 2026, the same refresh already reflected in this file's Toronto and Ottawa figures, and now states Hamilton drivers pay 2588 dollars a year, 127 dollars above the 2461 dollar Ontario provincial average, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/insurance-help-centre/average-car-insurance-ontario.html. Confirmed via three independent search queries with matching quotes and consistent supporting context. Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: the ThinkInsure end, 2,588, is now confirmed by DIRECT FETCH of https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/hamilton-quote.php, so the direct-fetch re-check this note asked for is done and it agreed with the search-indexed reading. The MyChoice end, 1,870, was re-read in the 22 June 2026 table and is unchanged. The two are 38.4 percent apart, far wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band and the low confidence both stand. This is the widest publisher disagreement in the file.
Insurance, By city, London, Annual premium CAD$2,037 a year to $2,267 a year
Two sources disagree and the band spans both. MyChoice publishes 2037 in its 22 June 2026 city table. High end up from 2225 in the 2026-09 vintage: ThinkInsure has republished its city table on a rolling 12-month window ending 31 May 2026, the same refresh already reflected in this file's Toronto and Ottawa figures, and now states car insurance in London averages 2267 dollars a year, 194 dollars below the 2461 dollar Ontario provincial average, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/insurance-help-centre/average-car-insurance-ontario.html. Confirmed via three independent search queries with matching quotes and consistent supporting context. Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: the ThinkInsure end, 2,267, is now confirmed by DIRECT FETCH of https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/london-quote.php, so the direct-fetch re-check this note asked for is done and it agreed with the search-indexed reading. The MyChoice end, 2,037, was re-read in the 22 June 2026 table and is unchanged. The two are 11.3 percent apart, just wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band and the low confidence both stand.
Insurance, By city, Markham, Annual premium CAD$2,331 a year to $2,364 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,364 for Markham in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,331 on its own Markham page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/markham-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 1.4 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Vaughan, Annual premium CAD$2,705 a year
MyChoice city average, 22 June 2026, up 8.86 percent year over year, the fastest rise in the table. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: no comparable second publisher found, so the figure is unchanged. ThinkInsure has a Vaughan page at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/vaughan-quote.php but publishes no number on it, only the sentence that the average cost is over 2,000 dollars annually, which is not a figure that can be banded. RATESDOTCA publishes 3,259 a year for Vaughan as of March 2026, but its stated method is the average of the three LOWEST premiums quoted to one profile, a 40 year old male with 16 years of continuous history in a five year old Honda Civic, which is a different measurand from an all-driver city average. rates.ca refuses plain fetches with HTTP 403, so that figure is search-indexed only. Ratehub, LowestRates and InsuranceHotline returned no dated Vaughan city average; lowestrates.ca and insurancehotline.com also refuse plain fetches with HTTP 403.
Insurance, By city, Windsor, Annual premium CAD$2,035 a year to $2,164 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,035 for Windsor in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,164 on its own Windsor page, a rolling 12 month window closing 31 May 2026, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/windsor-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 6.3 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Oshawa, Annual premium CAD$2,116 a year to $2,335 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,116 for Oshawa in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,335 on its own Oshawa page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/oshawa-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 10.3 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band spans both published values, 2,116 to 2,335, and confidence stays low. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it.
Insurance, By city, Barrie, Annual premium CAD$2,118 a year to $2,148 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,118 for Barrie in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,148 on its own Barrie page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/barrie-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 1.4 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Guelph, Annual premium CAD$1,846 a year to $1,947 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,846 for Guelph in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,947 on its own Guelph page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/guelph-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 5.5 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Oakville, Annual premium CAD$1,950 a year to $1,970 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,970 for Oakville in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,950 on its own Oakville page, a data window of 1 January to 31 December 2023, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/oakville-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 1.0 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date. The page states the figure is from estimates completed between 1 January and 31 December 2023 for drivers with a clean record, which is older than the MyChoice table and is why the band is corroboration rather than a refresh.
Insurance, By city, Richmond-hill, Annual premium CAD$2,422 a year to $2,441 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,422 for Richmond Hill in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,441 on its own Richmond Hill page, a 2023 data window, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/richmond-hill-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 0.8 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date. The page also prints 2,215 for 2022, so the 2023 figure is the current one.
Insurance, By city, St-catharines, Annual premium CAD$1,829 a year to $1,877 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,877 for St. Catharines in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,829 on its own St. Catharines page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/st-catharines-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 2.6 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Cambridge, Annual premium CAD$1,954 a year to $1,979 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,979 for Cambridge in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,954 on its own Cambridge page, a 2023 data window, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/cambridge-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 1.3 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By city, Waterloo, Annual premium CAD$1,853 a year to $2,355 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,853 for Waterloo in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,355 on its own Waterloo page, a 2024 data window, the most recent row in the page's own year by year table, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/waterloo-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 27.1 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band spans both published values, 1,853 to 2,355, and confidence stays low. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it. The same table prints 2,109 for 2023 and 1,621 for 2022. The 2024 row is the one banded here because it is the page's current figure.
Insurance, By city, Niagara-falls, Annual premium CAD$1,919 a year
MyChoice city average, 22 June 2026, up 6.68 percent year over year. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: no comparable second publisher found, so the figure is unchanged. ThinkInsure has no Niagara Falls city page at all; both https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/niagara-falls-quote.php and the .html form return 404. RATESDOTCA publishes 2,203 a year, but on the same three-lowest-quotes method for one 40 year old male profile that disqualifies it as an all-driver average, and rates.ca refuses plain fetches with HTTP 403. LowestRates carries a Niagara page with no dated city average and refuses plain fetches with HTTP 403. Ratehub has no Niagara Falls city page; https://www.ratehub.ca/insurance/car/niagara-falls returns 404.
Insurance, By city, Peterborough, Annual premium CAD$1,739 a year
MyChoice city average, 22 June 2026, up 5.67 percent year over year. Second-source pass, 1 September 2026: a second publisher was found and deliberately not adopted, so the figure is unchanged. ThinkInsure's Peterborough page at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/peterborough-quote.php states 1,100 to 1,300 a year, but it attaches NO data window to that range, and it quotes an Ontario provincial average of about 1,737 a year that the same publisher's current city pages contradict at 2,461. A figure cannot be stored here without the date its publisher shows, and inventing one to fit the schema is the thing this file exists to prevent. RATESDOTCA publishes 1,970 and Ratehub about 1,100, both on single-profile lowest-quote methods rather than all-driver averages, and both sites refuse plain fetches with HTTP 403. Peterborough therefore still rests on one broker table, which is the strongest reason in this file to keep chasing the CLEAR feed.
Insurance, By city, Thunder-bay, Annual premium CAD$1,989 a year to $2,032 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,032 for Thunder Bay in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,989 on its own Thunder Bay page, a 2023 data window, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/thunder-bay-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 2.2 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date. The ThinkInsure page also prints 2,451 for 2022 and a 2019 to 2023 average of 2,220; only the current-year figure is banded here.
Insurance, By city, Kingston, Annual premium CAD$1,567 a year to $1,738 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,738 for Kingston in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,567 on its own Kingston page, a data window of 1 January to 31 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/kingston-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 10.9 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band spans both published values, 1,567 to 1,738, and confidence stays low. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it.
Insurance, By city, Milton, Annual premium CAD$2,003 a year to $2,272 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 2,003 for Milton in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 2,272 on its own Milton page, a data window of 1 January to 31 December 2023, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/milton-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 13.4 percent apart measured on the lower figure, wider than the 10 percent agreement bar, so the band spans both published values, 2,003 to 2,272, and confidence stays low. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it. The page also prints a 2019 to 2023 average of 2,149. Only the 2023 figure, which the page calls current, is banded here.
Insurance, By city, Brantford, Annual premium CAD$1,899 a year to $1,902 a year
Second-source pass, 1 September 2026. MyChoice publishes 1,902 for Brantford in its 22 June 2026 Ontario city table. ThinkInsure independently publishes 1,899 on its own Brantford page, a data window of 1 January to 15 March 2025, at https://www.thinkinsure.ca/car-insurance/brantford-quote.php, read by direct fetch. The two are 0.2 percent apart measured on the lower figure, inside the 10 percent agreement bar, so the figure is now the range spanning both published values and confidence rises to medium. Neither value was altered and neither was rounded. asOf stays 2026-06-22, the date the publisher in sourceUrl shows; ThinkInsure's own window is named here rather than overwriting it, because the education line pairs asOf with the sourceUrl publisher and a mixed pair would misattribute the date.
Insurance, By driver age, Age 16 to 19 annual CAD$3,550 a year
Roughly 296 dollars a month. Report 01 section 2.6 gives this alongside a higher figure for age 24, so the two reference points are not monotonic and must not be interpolated into an age curve without a sourced one.
Insurance, By driver age, Age 24 annual CAD$6,000 a year
Roughly 500 dollars a month, and higher than the 16 to 19 figure in the same table. Report 01 section 2.6 notes rates improve materially after 25 with a clean record but gives no figure for 25 and over.
Insurance, By driver age, Young male toronto worst case annual CAD$13,000 a year
Reported as 13000 dollars or more, so treat this as a floor for the worst case rather than a central estimate.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 16 to 17 annual CAD$9,974 a year
G2 licence, 16 to 17. One of twelve figures that only mean anything as a set: the pairs show that under 20 a G2 and a full G pay within a few percent of each other, and the G2 penalty only opens up after 25. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 16 to 17 annual CAD$9,829 a year
Full G licence, 16 to 17. At this age the full-G figure is only 145 dollars below the G2 one. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 18 annual CAD$9,025 a year
G2 licence, 18. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 18 annual CAD$9,085 a year
Full G licence, 18. Higher than the G2 figure at the same age, which is the clearest evidence that age rather than licence class sets the price here. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 19 annual CAD$7,825 a year
G2 licence, 19. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 19 annual CAD$7,877 a year
Full G licence, 19. Again higher than the G2 figure at the same age. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 20 to 25 annual CAD$2,837 a year
G2 licence, 20 to 25. The premium falls by roughly two thirds between the teen bands and this one, which is the largest single move in the dataset. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 20 to 25 annual CAD$2,697 a year
Full G licence, 20 to 25. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 26 to 30 annual CAD$3,048 a year
G2 licence, 26 to 30. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 26 to 30 annual CAD$2,437 a year
Full G licence, 26 to 30. The gap to the G2 figure opens to about 25 percent here, having been near zero in the teen bands. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, G 2 age 31 plus annual CAD$2,942 a year
G2 licence, 31 and over. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, By licence class and age, Full age 31 plus annual CAD$1,906 a year
Full G licence, 31 and over. The widest gap in the set: a G2 holder over 30 pays roughly half as much again as a full-G driver of the same age. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, New driver, G 2 uplift over full licence share25% to 50%
How much more a G2 driver pays than an experienced driver with a full licence. Three independent named publishers state the same band across four years: ThinkInsure at 25 to 50 percent, HelloSafe at 30 to 50 percent, and Surex at 25 to 50 percent in 2021. The as-of date is HelloSafe's, the most recently updated of the three. It is a range and must be published as one: no publisher supports a point estimate, and a ratio computed from the averages in insurance.byLicenceClassAndAge would be a fourth number nobody published.
Insurance, New driver, G 2 ontario annual premium range CAD$1,500 a year to $5,400 a year
The union of the two live published ranges for G2 drivers in Ontario: HelloSafe at 1,500 to 5,400 a year, updated 2024-03-21, and ThinkInsure at 1,700 to 5,000. Surex's 2021 dollar figures are deliberately excluded as stale. Publish as a range, never as a point estimate, and never without the publishers and their dates.
Insurance, New driver, G 2 average annual premium CAD$2,947 a year
The all-ages G2 average behind the age bands. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence. The publisher expresses the gap to the full-G average as about 29 percent, which divides the gap by the G2 figure rather than by the full-G one; do not repeat that percentage. Use the two dollar figures and let the arithmetic happen on the page.
Insurance, New driver, Full licence average annual premium CAD$2,105 a year
The all-ages full-G average from the same dataset, published beside the G2 one so the two are comparable. ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, over a stated data window of 2022-01-01 to 2023-03-31. The as-of date is the close of that window rather than a publication date, because the window is the honest limit on the figure: no named publisher has released a G2-specific band since it closed. No insurer and no regulator publishes a G2 band at all, so a broker's dataset is the ceiling of the available evidence, which is why nothing in this group is high confidence.
Insurance, Newcomer, No driving history annual range CAD$1,500 a year to $10,000 a year
Square One Insurance, a named Canadian insurer, updated 2025-09-18: car insurance for someone without a driving history can cost anywhere from 1,500 to 10,000 dollars a year depending on the province. Label it Canada-wide every time, because the spread between provinces is most of the width of the range. The same page carries the finding that insurers are not required to honour foreign driving experience.
Insurance, Newcomer, Ontario lowest quote zero to three years experience CAD$5,214 a year
Two caveats, both mandatory. First, this is an EXPERIENCE PROXY, not a newcomer measurement: it is the average lowest quoted Ontario premium for drivers with zero to three years of recorded Canadian experience, a bucket holding 17-year-olds alongside 40-year-old newcomers. Second, it is a second-hand citation: the underlying RATESDOTCA quoter data could not be retrieved directly, and McDougall Insurance's rendering of 2026-06-03 is the source actually read. Publish as a broker citing RATESDOTCA quoter data, never as newcomers pay 5,214.
Insurance, Newcomer, Ontario fourth year experience drop CAD$1,600 a year
How much lower an annual premium typically runs once a driver hits the four-year experience mark, against their first year. The publisher states it as over 1,600 dollars, so this is a floor rather than a central estimate and copy must say over or at least. Same second-hand citation caveat as the figure above: McDougall Insurance citing RATESDOTCA.
Fuel, Ontario regular gasoline per litre$1.789 a litre
Government of Ontario weekly fuels price survey, province-wide regular gasoline average for the week of 2026-08-31: 178.9 cents per litre. This is the PROVINCE-WIDE FALLBACK ONLY. Where the survey publishes a reading for the reader's own region, the calculator uses that week's regional figure from content/market/ontario-energy.json instead, and discloses it as an observed weekly average. This figure is what runs when no regional reading exists, and it moves with the survey week the snapshot carries: it read 173.0 cents for the week of 2026-08-24 before this refresh. Kept from that entry because the correction is worth a record: the 1.730 value itself replaced a 1.70 whose own note claimed the Ontario average was roughly 1.84 from February to May 2026 and Toronto roughly 1.85 from May to August 2026. The publisher's own series says otherwise on all three counts, so the note was reconciled against the source rather than the value being left to sit between two numbers that disagreed with it.
Electricity, Time of use on peak per kWh$0.203 per kWh
Ontario Energy Board Regulated Price Plan rate, effective 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31. Up from 0.158 in the 2026-08 vintage, roughly 28 percent higher. Corroborated by neobanc.com/articles/ontario-electricity-rates and by half a dozen local utility companies republishing the same OEB release (Oshawa Power, Tillsonburg Hydro, Algoma Power, ERTH Power, Niagara Peninsula Energy, Canadian Niagara Power). Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch of oeb.ca, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended.
Electricity, Time of use mid peak per kWh$0.157 per kWh
Ontario Energy Board Regulated Price Plan rate, effective 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31. Up from 0.122 in the 2026-08 vintage, roughly 29 percent higher. Same corroboration and same fetch caveat as timeOfUseOnPeakPerKwh.
Electricity, Time of use off peak per kWh$0.098 per kWh
Ontario Energy Board Regulated Price Plan rate, effective 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31. Up from 0.076 in the 2026-08 vintage, roughly 29 percent higher. Same corroboration and same fetch caveat as timeOfUseOnPeakPerKwh.
Electricity, Public dc fast charging per kWh$0.45 per kWh to $0.75 per kWh
Up from [0.35, 0.55] in the 2026-08 vintage. Confirmed twice via search-indexed content directly attributed to this URL, but other current sources give materially different ranges (0.30-0.65, 0.37-0.80), so confidence is downgraded to low pending a direct fetch of the live page, which this audit environment could not reach.
Maintenance, Monthly under five years$100 a month
Vehicle under 5 years old. Sits inside the broader 500 to 1500 dollar per year routine-maintenance range report 01 section 2.11 documents, and near the CAA scheduled-maintenance reference of 500 to 700 dollars per year.
Maintenance, Monthly five to ten years$125 a month to $150 a month
Vehicle 5 to 10 years old.
Maintenance, Monthly ten years or older$175 a month to $250 a month
Vehicle 10 years old or older. Age-banded maintenance is the model report 01 section 2.11 recommends because it is simple, defensible and immediately intuitive.
Maintenance, Ontario shop labour rate per hour$110 an hour to $150 an hour
Ontario sits in the highest labour-rate tier in Canada alongside British Columbia.
Winter tires, Set of four CAD$480 to $800
ThinkInsure, an Ontario brokerage, page updated 2026-07-13: "on average, they range from $120-$200 per tire, based on the size and make". Four times that per-tire band is the 480 to 800 dollar range stored here, which is the only derivation. The same page gives a wider outer bound, "as little as $50 per tire up to $300 or more per tire", which is deliberately not used because it spans the whole market rather than the average car. Confidence is low: this is a brokerage content page with no stated methodology, and it is the only named Canadian publisher found with a current dated price band. The Canadian Automobile Association's own driving-costs calculator has no tire line at all, and the Tire and Rubber Association of Canada's winter tire cost calculator ships no default values, so neither can source this.
Winter tires, Set life years4 to 6
Same ThinkInsure page and same date as the set price, which is why the two are consistent with each other: "Most manufacturers say tires will last six years or more. If you drive more frequently, expect them to last about four years." The page also says "snow tires are expected to last an average of 20,000 to 30,000 kilometres", which at a typical winter-only distance is nearer three to five seasons and does not reconcile with its own four-to-six-year statement. The years are used because the cost line is monthly and a kilometre figure would need an annual winter-distance assumption nobody publishes. The unit is count rather than months because it is a whole number of years.
Winter tires, Seasonal service CAD$50 to $200
One seasonal service for a set of four, charged twice a year. Published 2025-12-13, verbatim: a swap where the tires are already on their own rims is "between 50 and 100 for a full set of four wheels", and a changeover where they come off the rims is "between 100 and 200 for a full set of four tires". The band stored here is the union of the two, because ScenarioInput does not know whether the reader owns a second set of rims and guessing would move the figure by a factor of two. Confidence is low: the publisher is a trade blog rather than a named authority. Kal Tire's own posted national service prices sit inside this band, at 72 dollars for a four-wheel swap and 164 for a four-tire changeover, but that page could not be fetched for verification here and is therefore not the cited source.
Operating, Average annual kilometres16,000 km a year to 24,000 km a year
Derived proxy, not a measured average. Report 01 publishes no average-annual-kilometres figure anywhere. Section 2.13 gives a typical lease annual km allowance of 16000 to 24000 km per year, which is the only kilometre band in the research, so it stands in as the driving-distance band. A lease allowance is set to cover typical driving rather than to measure it, so this band runs high. Cross-check against report 01 section 2.8's 150 to 250 dollar per month gasoline band, at the same section's 1.70 per litre price: at 16000 km every class consumption figure below lands inside that band, 159 dollars for a sedan to 249 for a pickup, and at the 20000 km midpoint the lighter classes stay inside it while a pickup runs above at 312. That band is not class-specific, so the overrun is expected rather than a contradiction. Source a StatCan or Natural Resources Canada annual vehicle-kilometres figure before any page quotes a driving distance.
Operating, Fuel consumption litres per 100 km, Sedan7 L / 100 km
Modelled, not sourced. Report 01 publishes no litres-per-100-km figure for any class. Section 2.8's 150 to 250 dollar per month gasoline band, at the same section's 1.70 per litre price and at the 16000 km low end of averageAnnualKilometres, implies a fleet consumption spread of 6.62 to 11.03 litres per 100 km. The five class figures fan across that implied spread and none sits outside it. Only their ordering is a claim, not their levels. Replace with Natural Resources Canada Fuel Consumption Guide ratings before any page quotes a per-class figure.
Operating, Fuel consumption litres per 100 km, Suv10 L / 100 km
Modelled, not sourced. Same derivation and same caveat as the sedan figure.
Operating, Fuel consumption litres per 100 km, Crossover8.5 L / 100 km
Modelled, not sourced. Same derivation and same caveat as the sedan figure.
Operating, Fuel consumption litres per 100 km, Pickup11 L / 100 km
Modelled, not sourced. Sits at the top of the implied fleet spread. Same derivation and same caveat as the sedan figure.
Operating, Fuel consumption litres per 100 km, Minivan10.5 L / 100 km
Modelled, not sourced. Same derivation and same caveat as the sedan figure.
Operating, Hybrid fuel consumption multiplier0.7
Modelled, not sourced. Report 01 documents hybrids only through the 35.4 percent five-year depreciation rate in section 2.10 and publishes no hybrid fuel-consumption figure. Applied to the class gasoline consumption above. The alternative was to give a hybrid the same fuel cost as the equivalent gasoline vehicle, which is visibly wrong in the other direction. Replace with a Natural Resources Canada Fuel Consumption Guide comparison before any page quotes a hybrid fuel saving.
Operating, Electric vehicle consumption kWh per 100 km16 kWh / 100 km
Stated in report 01 section 2.8 as the mid-size EV reference: 16 kWh per 100 km, which at the off-peak rate of 0.076 per kWh gives the 1.22 dollars per 100 km the same section quotes. That internal arithmetic checks out exactly, which is why this is the one figure in this group above low confidence. It is still a single mid-size reference and does not vary by vehicle class.
Operating, Home charging share45% to 80%
Derived, not sourced. The share of charging done at home rather than at public DC fast chargers. Solved as the band that reproduces report 01 section 2.8's 50 to 80 dollars per month EV charging figure, using the same section's time-of-use rates averaged across on, mid and off peak, its public rate of 0.35 to 0.55 per kWh, its 16 kWh per 100 km consumption and the averageAnnualKilometres midpoint. An 80 percent home share lands at 49.32 dollars a month, a hair under the 50 dollar floor, and a 45 percent home share at 80.24. This is a user-facing slider in the product, so the figure only sets the starting position.
Depreciation, Year one rate20% to 30%
Up from [0.15, 0.30] in the 2026-08 vintage; low end moved from 15 percent to 20 percent. Source now states "a new car generally depreciates between 20% to 30% in the first year", confirmed via two independent search queries with matching quotes. Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended. Luxury vehicles and weak-resale nameplates run 25 to 35 percent in year one per the prior vintage; unable to re-confirm that detail this cycle.
Depreciation, Subsequent annual rate15% to 25%
Up from [0.10, 0.15] in the 2026-08 vintage, a material move. Source now states "it can depreciate between 15% to 25% annually from the second year to the fifth year" and adds "by the fifth year, a car could lose up to 60% in value". Confirmed via two independent search queries with matching quotes. Verified through search-indexed content rather than a direct fetch, which this audit environment could not reach; a direct-fetch re-check is recommended given the size of this move. Still applied to remaining value rather than original price, so the curve stays declining balance.
Depreciation, Used vehicle annual rate8% to 16%
Annual value loss for a vehicle that is ALREADY USED, from Canadian Black Book's 2026 Market Preview, published February 2026. Its "Annual Depreciation, 2-6 Year-old Vehicles" chart carries a sixteen-year series of printed bar labels: 2011 -12, 2012 -13, 2013 -13, 2014 -14, 2015 -9, 2016 -12, 2017 -11, 2018 -13, 2019 -13, 2020 -8, 2021 +19, 2022 -9, 2023 -16, 2024 -15, 2025 -10, 2026 forecast -15. The range stored here, 8 to 16 percent, is the full span of that series with 2021 excluded, and 2021 is excluded because it is an APPRECIATION year and not a rate of depreciation at all. The midpoint the engine uses, 12 percent, is close both to the 2011 to 2020 pre-pandemic mean of 12.2 percent and to Canadian Black Book's own 2025 forecast, which its 2025 Market Preview of 2025-02-24 stated as "12% depreciation is expected for two-to-six-year-old vehicles this year". The report's prose gives 15 percent for 2024 and 14.5 percent expected for 2026, slightly different from its own chart labels, and the wider range absorbs both readings. Confidence is medium rather than high: this is a named Canadian valuation authority publishing a dated series, which is the best available, but the values are read off printed chart labels rather than a table, and CBB attributes the recent years to a tariff-driven correction unwinding the elevated pricing that began in 2020 rather than to ordinary ageing. DELIBERATELY NOT SEGMENTED. The same report says the current decline "is expected to be more widespread across light truck segments, while passenger cars are anticipated to follow the same trend but to a lesser degree", which is the opposite of what depreciation.segmentMultiplier says: those multipliers are derived from five-year NEW-vehicle losses and make trucks the slowest depreciating segment. Until a segmented Canadian used-market series exists, one flat rate is the honest reading.
Depreciation, Five year rate all vehicles41.80%
Five-year industry average, improved 3.8 points against 2025. This is the baseline every segment multiplier is measured against.
Depreciation, Five year rate by segment, Electric57.20%
U.S.-market iSeeCars proxy reported by The Car Guide, not Canadian model-specific resale evidence. EV five-year depreciation is materially worse than the 41.8 percent U.S. all-vehicle average in that study. Actual Canadian resale can differ substantially by model, trim, condition and local demand. Generic comparisons keep any unverified EVAP amount outside the total.
Depreciation, Five year rate by segment, Hybrid35.40%
Depreciation, Five year rate by segment, Truck34.20%
All trucks.
Depreciation, Five year rate by segment, Midsize truck32.30%
STALE SOURCE replacement. The stored guideautoweb.com URL (the source for every other figure in this group) no longer breaks out a midsize-truck figure in its current 2026 edition -- it now reports only EV, SUV, the all-vehicle average, hybrid and an undifferentiated truck category. The prior 0.205 value traces to a 2021-vintage iSeeCars study never carried forward into the current annual edition. Replaced with iSeeCars own live resale-value category page, the same publisher the guideautoweb study is built from: "the resale value average for midsize trucks is 67.7 percent after 5 years", i.e. 32.3 percent depreciation. Confidence is low because this is a narrower, continuously-updated category page rather than the single dated annual study the rest of this group cites, and verification was search-based rather than a direct fetch.
Depreciation, Five year rate by segment, Full size truck38.30%
STALE SOURCE replacement, same reasoning as midsizeTruck: guideautoweb.com no longer breaks out a full-size-truck figure in its current 2026 edition, and the prior 0.318 value traces to a 2021-vintage iSeeCars study. Replaced with iSeeCars own live resale-value category page: "the full-size truck segment average [is] 61.7 percent" retained after 5 years, i.e. 38.3 percent depreciation. One search result also echoed the all-trucks figure (34.2 percent) as if it were full-size-specific, which this note deliberately does not use, since it belongs to the separate unsegmented "truck" figure already stored above. Confidence is low for the same reasons as midsizeTruck.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Electric1.37
Derived, not separately sourced. 0.572 divided by 0.418, rounded to three decimals.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Hybrid0.85
Derived, not separately sourced. 0.354 divided by 0.418, rounded to three decimals.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Truck0.82
Derived, not separately sourced. 0.342 divided by 0.418, rounded to three decimals.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Midsize truck0.77
Derived, not separately sourced. 0.323 divided by 0.418, rounded to three decimals. Recomputed for the 2026-09 vintage after fiveYearRateBySegment.midsizeTruck was replaced from a stale 2021-vintage figure.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Full size truck0.92
Derived, not separately sourced. 0.383 divided by 0.418, rounded to three decimals. Recomputed for the 2026-09 vintage after fiveYearRateBySegment.fullSizeTruck was replaced from a stale 2021-vintage figure.
Depreciation, Segment multiplier, Unsegmented1
Fallback for sedans, SUVs, crossovers and minivans. Report 01 section 2.10 publishes no separate five-year figure for those classes, so they track the all-vehicle average until one is sourced. The value is 1 by definition rather than by measurement.
Lease, Residual share 36 months truck or hybrid55.00% to 62%
Report 01 section 2.13 gives 36 month residual benchmarks of 55 to 62 percent for trucks and hybrids. A benchmark, not a lookup: every lease quote states its own residual and that stated number is the one that governs the payment. Residuals are set per model per program and move with each incentive cycle, which is why this carries low confidence and a quarterly cadence. Report 01 section 2.14 names Canadian Black Book as the reference standard for residuals; source it before any page quotes a residual as a market fact.
Lease, Residual share 36 months sedan or electric48% to 55.00%
Report 01 section 2.13 gives 36 month residual benchmarks of 48 to 55 percent for sedans and for electric vehicles without rebate support. The research names no band for SUVs, crossovers or minivans, so they take this lower one rather than the truck band. That is the cautious direction: a lower residual raises the modelled lease payment, so the comparison never flatters a lease on a body style the research does not cover. Same sourcing caveat as the truck and hybrid band.
Lease, Annual kilometre allowance16,000 km a year to 24,000 km a year
Report 01 section 2.13 puts a typical annual kilometre allowance at 16000 to 24000 km a year. The same band backs operating.averageAnnualKilometres, for the reason recorded there: it is the only kilometre band anywhere in the research. A contract states its own allowance and its own excess kilometre rate, and the research publishes no benchmark rate at all, so the comparison prices an overage only when a reader supplies the rate from their own quote.
Mortgage, Conventional five year fixed rate6.09%
Bank of Canada series V80691335, labelled "Conventional mortgage: 5-year" and described by the publisher as "the interest rate for a 5-year conventional mortgage offered by chartered banks in Canada". The weekly reading was 6.09 percent on 2026-08-26 and unchanged over the five preceding weeks. This is the CONTRACT rate the qualifying rate is derived from. IT IS A POSTED RATE, WHICH IS THE CAVEAT THAT HAS TO RIDE WITH IT. A posted rate is what a chartered bank advertises, and it sits well above what most borrowers actually sign: discounted and broker-sourced contract rates are routinely one to two points lower, and the Bank publishes no series for those. So the greater-of rule applied to this number returns a qualifying rate higher than the one a real borrower would be tested at, which makes the mortgage capacity a car payment costs a FLOOR rather than an estimate: a borrower on a discounted rate loses more capacity than the figure shows, never less. The direction is deliberate, because understating the cost of a car payment is the failure this product exists to correct. Replace with the reader's own contract rate the moment a field collects one; nothing in ScenarioInput does today. Replaces the 2026-09 vintage's single modelled qualifyingRate figure of 0.0525, which was the stress-test floor used directly as an annuity rate and named no source.
Mortgage, Qualifying rate stress points2%
The two percentage points added to the contract rate under the OSFI minimum qualifying rate for uninsured mortgages, which the publisher states as "the greater of the mortgage contract rate plus 2% or 5.25%". Page last updated 2026-01-29.
Mortgage, Minimum qualifying rate floor5.25%
The other half of the same greater-of rule: the 5.25 percent floor that binds only when the contract rate is below 3.25 percent. It has not bound since 2022 and does not bind at the current 6.09 percent conventional rate, but it is held as a figure rather than as a constant because it is the published rule and a falling rate environment would make it bind again.
Mortgage, Amortization months300 months
Modelled, not sourced. 25 years is the conventional Canadian mortgage amortization for qualification math. Report 01 publishes no amortization period. Paired with the derived qualifying rate to set the annuity factor behind the mortgage-capacity figure.
Electric vehicle affordability program, Battery electric maximum CAD$5,000
Transport Canada confirms a 2026 maximum of 5000 dollars for eligible new battery-electric and hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, applied through an enrolled dealer. The exact transaction still requires vehicle, manufacturing-country, final-value and recipient validation, so the generic affordability engine does not subtract this maximum automatically.
Electric vehicle affordability program, Plug in hybrid maximum CAD$2,500
Transport Canada confirms a 2026 maximum of 2500 dollars for an eligible new plug-in hybrid, prorated for leases shorter than 48 months. A conventional hybrid is not eligible, and the exact transaction must be validated through an enrolled dealer.
Electric vehicle affordability program, Final transaction value cap CAD$50,000
Transport Canada confirms a 50000 dollar final transaction value cap for eligible vehicles not made in Canada; eligible Canadian-made vehicles have no value cap. Vehicle-related inclusions and exclusions are defined by the program and the enrolled dealer validates the transaction.
Licensing, Southern ontario plate sticker CAD$0
Ontario eliminated plate sticker renewal fees in 2022 for passenger vehicles, light trucks, motorcycles and mopeds, in both southern and northern Ontario. Renewal is free and largely automatic but is still required every two years, and requires no unpaid fines or tolls and valid insurance. Competitors that still charge a sticker line item are wrong.
Licensing, Used vehicle information package CAD$20
Mandatory for private sales. Set fines for failing to provide or deliver a UVIP rose to 140 dollars in January 2026.
Licensing, Private sale transfer total CAD$60 to $120
Typical total for a private-sale transfer path, including the UVIP and the plate and permit issuance. Excludes the safety certificate, which report 01 section 2.7 leaves unpriced. Small and honest beats a padded guess here; the dollar impact is minor but the accuracy is a credibility signal.
Licensing, Replacement plate CAD$59
Licensing, Replacement sticker CAD$7
Fees, Ontario tire stewardship CAD$20 to $30
Charged per vehicle at a dealer. Report 01 section 2.1 gives the band without attributing it to a single URL, so confidence is low. WHERE THIS FIGURE LIVES NOW: nothing in the engine adds it. Under OMVIC all-in pricing every dealer fee, this one included, must already sit inside the advertised price, so tax.ts adding it on top of that price was a double count against its own stated rule, and adding it after the HST base rather than inside it was wrong on the other reading too. The manufacturer trim files corroborate the all-in reading: content/vehicle-trims/honda-cr-v.json records honda.ca's single Fees line as carrying the air conditioning excise tax, the tire levy and dealer fees together, and content/vehicle-trims/toyota-corolla.json records the levy as a 6 dollar component of toyota.ca's own Ontario start price. A private sale has no dealer to collect it and never owed one. The band is kept because the OMVIC and used-car-tax guides quote it when they explain what an all-in advertised price already contains.
Verdict thresholds, Easy maximum income share10%
Total transportation cost at or below 10 percent of gross income is 20/4/10 compliant. Report 01 section 2.15 is blunt that with total ownership cost near 1373 dollars a month the 10 percent rule is out of reach for all but the wealthiest Canadians, so present it as a guardrail rather than a gate.
Verdict thresholds, Manageable maximum income share15%
10 to 15 percent of gross income is realistic for most Canadians.
Verdict thresholds, Tight maximum income share20%
15 to 20 percent is stretched. Above 20 percent carries a high risk of payment stress.
Lender ratios, Gross debt service maximum39%
CMHC maximum. Housing costs divided by gross income. A guideline rather than an absolute rule.
Lender ratios, Total debt service maximum44%
CMHC maximum. Housing plus all other debt divided by gross income. Car loans and leases count at the full monthly payment, which is what makes the mortgage-impact figure derivable.
Market, Average new vehicle loan term months72 months
Average new-vehicle loan term. Ship term options up to 96 months: offering only short terms makes the tool feel wrong, and offering long terms with the consequence made visible is what makes it feel honest.
Benchmarks, Finder average new car payment CAD$915 a month
Finder Canada, page updated 2026-01-20: the monthly average car payment is approximately 915 dollars for a new car, modelled over a 72-month term at the Statistics Canada average rate with ten percent down. It is Finder's own model built from an average transaction price, not a survey of actual loan payments, and the underlying average price is one this file holds as contested at market.averageNewVehicleTransactionPriceCad. Quote it as Finder's estimate, never as a measured average.
Benchmarks, Finder average used car payment CAD$612 a month
Finder Canada, page updated 2026-01-20: around 612 dollars a month for a used car, modelled over a 60-month term with ten percent down. Same discipline as the new-car figure: Finder's estimate, never a measured average.
Benchmarks, Ratehub monthly ownership outflow CAD$1,373 a month
Ratehub's own 2026 model, updated 2026-04-29, itemized as 522 principal, 192 interest, 200 parking, 165 gas, 164 insurance, 120 maintenance and 10 administrative fees a month. Two caveats must ride with every quote of it: 200 dollars of it is parking, an urban assumption most drivers do not pay, and it is a cash-outflow figure that counts full loan principal while excluding depreciation, so it must never be labelled a true cost of ownership.
Benchmarks, Ratehub monthly loan principal and interest CAD$714 a month
The loan lines inside the same Ratehub model: 522 dollars of principal plus 192 of interest a month, at the average purchase price on average loan terms. A modelled figure for a financed average car, not the payment of any actual borrower.
Benchmarks, Ratehub monthly parking CAD$200 a month
The parking line inside the Ratehub model, 14.6 percent of its 1373 dollar total. Held as its own figure because it is the caveat that must ride with the total: an urban assumption most drivers outside a big-city core do not pay, and presenting the total without disclosing it overstates the typical cost by roughly this amount.
Benchmarks, Angus reid share saying car costs exceed affordable77%
Angus Reid Forum survey commissioned by Turo, released 2026-03-04: 77 percent of Canadians say their monthly vehicle expenses are more than they can afford, up 10 points from the year before. Paraphrase discipline from the wave 2 verification: it means monthly expenses exceed what respondents say they can afford, never that 77 percent cannot afford a car. Disclose the Turo sponsorship wherever it is quoted, and quote no margin of error, because the Angus Reid Forum is an opt-in panel.
Figures we are not publishing yet
Sources disagree on these 4, so no page quotes them and the code throws if anything tries to read one. They are named here because a gap you can see is worth more than a number you cannot check. Their values are not shown, including inside the notes that explain the disagreement, because printing the contested numbers to explain why they are contested would publish them just the same.
Licensing, Safety standards certificate CADwithheld
Market, Average new vehicle transaction price CADwithheld
Market, Long term loan share of new financingwithheld
Benchmarks, Edmunds united states average owed on upside down trade in usdwithheld